Retailing and Bargaining Power free essay sample

Woolworth’s underpins solid rivalry in the retail advertise. Rivalry keeps costs low for clients and drives enhancements in items, range and administrations. Our point is to be the most serious retailer over our stores in whatever showcase we are in. Expanding rivalry has been available in all classes in which Woolworths works. This has expanded limiting action. Retailers have additionally exploited the high Australian dollar to go through cost reserve funds in better costs. Woolworths has created solid long haul direct associations with makers and providers over the essential enterprises sector.Some valuing activity started by different retailers, for instance private name milk decreases, has caused extensive worry among providers that drawn out benefit will be affected. While Woolworths didn't start this evaluating, we took the choice to coordinate it with the goal that we kept on offering our clients serious costs. A Federal Parliamentary Inquiry was held in 2011 to think about these issues and inferred that: â€Å"In general, cost limiting is probably going to be master serious and good for purchasers. We will compose a custom exposition test on Retailing and Bargaining Power or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page If it doesn't establish savage valuing, a retail value cut ought not be debilitated. † The report suggested that limiting had not influenced ranch entryway costs, yet demonstrated that how much any misfortunes endured by processors are given to ranchers stays a key concern. Woolworths took an interest completely in the request and has contended in this and different gatherings that conveying an incentive to customers must be offset with practical return for the makers and that the drawn out wellbeing of Australia’s cultivating part is basic. Doormen five powers examination According to Porter (2008), â€Å"awareness of the five powers can enable an organization to comprehend the structure of its industry and stake out a place that is progressively gainful and less defenseless against attack†. Industry structure drives the opposition and gainfulness †regardless of whether the business is rising or develop, innovative or low - tech, managed or unregulated (Porter, 2008). From the five-power examination an organization can take its situation in the business dependent on its serious qualities. In any case, the methodology shouldnot be centered around disposal of opponents, since it is a dangerous technique. A benefit bonus from expelling today’s contenders frequently pulls in new contenders and reaction from clients and providers (Porter, 2008). 1. Bartering intensity of Buyers In Australia grocery stores offer practically homogenous items, which have low exchanging costs among stores and in this way has f urnished purchasers with incredibly high dealing power. The bartering intensity of purchasers in this industry is exceptionally high, except for stores modifying their contribution o a particular market.2. Dealing intensity of providers The bartering intensity of providers in the store retailing industry shifts relying upon the brand name of the providers and the size of the grocery store. For example, British American Tobacco and Coca Cola are that type providers who appreciate solid force in the grocery store. Consequently, the dealing intensity of providers in the grocery store retail industry in Australia is high to direct. Amazing providers will bring about more extravagant inputs.To an organization, the bigger a provider is, the higher the reliance on the specific provider, and leads higher bartering intensity of provider. 3. Industry Substitutes In the general store industry there are likewise various substitutes for customers, for example, comfort stores, drug stores, non-associated gas stations, online stores, supermarkets, shops and new food markets. Shoppers are happy to follow through on significant expenses for the comfort e. g. closer to home, no lines, simpler stopping. Along these lines the accessibility of substitutes in the store business is moderate to high.4. Danger of new contestants Due to low value offer in Australian retail shops and residential general store industry it's anything but an alluring industry to enter, with a low benefit potential. The scant accessibility and high market cost of land, immense capital necessity, government limitations and guideline and so forth can go about as boundaries to section. The relationship of existing large players with the providers and prerequisite of setting up own circulation communities by the new participants can likewise be a hindrance. It appears that the hindrances to passage in grocery store industry are moderate.5. Contention among contenders The competition between rivals in the store business is extreme. End According to Porter (2008), â€Å"Rivalry is particularly ruinous to gainfulness on the off chance that it floats exclusively to cost since value rivalry moves benefits legitimately from an industry to its customers†. The retail business in Australia is adult and strongly serious with a low benefit potential and in this manner isn't an alluring industry to enter. In spite of the serious rivalry and low benefit potential, Woolworths have a 10.7% development in its business (Alam and Majumdar, 2011), which is an away from of its boss plan of action. From the above conversation we can say, Woolworths has comprehended the business as a procedure and extended its limits to incorporate clients and providers. It has recognized its qualities, increased the value of numerous exercises in new and creative manners, and utilized its abilities to improve the adaptability of tasks through close mix and coordination of free exercises. As the organization widens its items contributions an d ventures into new markets, e. g. New Zealand and India, all things considered, the advantages will just develop settling in Woolworths as the predominant player in the retail advertise and safeguarding the maintainability of its serious edge. Remarks Comments The connection among Coles and Woolworths and their providers is under a magnifying instrument from lawmakers, rivalry controllers and customer gathering. Moreover, the organization is thinking about propelling a retail brand called Woolworths Local trying to hype its cozy relationship withAustralian ranchers and providers. The latest move by Woolworths comes in the midst of developing worry about general store provider connections in Australia, which has seen the two Woolworths and Coles face heat from the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), industry gatherings and the media. Arrangements for a deliberate set of accepted rules to administer the connection among grocery stores and providers have been in progress for about a year.Australian Food News detailed before in September 2013 that food law specialists FoodLegal are to run a conference on general store provider connections in Sydney in November 2013. Speakers at the discussion will incorporate general store and provider agents, just as strategy producers and legitimate delegates. For whatever length of time that edges remain sound, and clients don’t mind an excessive amount of where their reserve funds originate from, the fight among Coles and Woolworths appears to probably proceed. That’s most likely terrible news for providers, and uplifting news for property designers.

People Environment and Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individuals Environment and Business - Essay Example This affirms normal asset abuse has the ability to cause awkward nature in environments as wells different impacts, which may not be reversible. This educates this investigation on conceivable ecological impacts that Iran encounters all the while or due to abusing oil. General issues that are of worry to Iran have been vehicle vaporous outflows, tasks by processing plants just as effluents by businesses, which together contribute towards air sullying, water sources contamination just as general ecological debasement. For example, the city of Tehran in Iran positions among the most dirtied urban areas over the globe. Among other major ecological concerns, that are of extraordinary significance and which are being investigated inside and out are issues of natural contamination from misuse of oil as a characteristic asset in the nation (Narimisa and Basri, 334-337). The world is progressively deprived for oil and related items, which causes the pace of misuse of this normal asset to inc rement as days pass by. The ever-expanding utilizes into which oil is placed into raises the interest of this non-inexhaustible asset. It is broadly utilized for modern purposes, as a wellspring of fuel to both local clients just as businesses, underway of power just as for trains, which records to the most elevated use into which oil is put. In concentrates on evaluation of social effect related with abuse of oil in Iran this examination ventures future influences the earth in proceeded with misuse of the assets. Iran is anyway positioned among the extraordinary makers of oil and has amassed incredible monetary riches through the misuse of oil all inclusive. In concentrated endeavors to examine the case in Iran, we research petroleum treatment facility at Tehran, which has major natural impacts on discharges of gasses, strong squanders, mechanical effluents, smell, tasteful and visual whines just as commotion. Notwithstanding, it merits understanding that the contextual analysis of Tehran oil refining is a portrayal of numerous different ventures inside the bigger Iran. Air contamination inside the nation as related with oil misuse come about because of terminating forms, heaters, steam boilers, blowers just as refining towers among numerous others. The significant air toxins from oil abuse and refining incorporate carbon oxides, oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, smelling salts just as hydrocarbons among others. Water contamination radiates from releasing of the mechanical effluents into the water sources either straightforwardly or in a roundabout way through sullying underground water, which later sullies the surface waters. The way toward delivering ooze, coke, breaking just as the procedure of division of water and oil produces strong squanders which without appropriate attitude results to debasement of the earth. Well beyond all the antagonistic impacts on condition, that misuse of oil in Iran realizes is the destruction of biological systems. Proof shows t hat the misuse causes mass marine just as land condition corruption through unearthings, which are related with annihilation of stylish estimation of the nation. Taking everything into account, in spite of

Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner

Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner Expanding Role of Human Resources Management The XXI century is a time of globalized world experiencing quick changes and mechanical turn of events. In such conditions associations need to look for changed methods of keeping up their seriousness. During the 1990s individuals began giving critical consideration to the HR and numerous associations comprehended that Human Resources Management can be an exceptionally ground-breaking benefactor into the association fruitful turn of events. Publicizing We will compose a custom research paper test on Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since then a great deal of HRM methodologies are as a rule effectively actualized, some of them are enlistment and maintenance, preparing and advancement, worker execution the board, administrative consistence, pay and advantages. HRM In Terms Of Organization Restructuring Many ventures and firms face the need to work in a â€Å"less-c ost mode† now, because of various components including globalization and innovation advancement (Mathis and Jackson, 2007, p.19). A great deal of firms attempt to improve their condition by rebuilding the firm, typically by limiting work expenses and shutting offices, however these measures end up being very ineffective. In this way, HR the executives (HRM) is increasing greater prevalence turning into a key colleague. Sims (2007) expressed that it is â€Å"often portrayed as â€Å"having a seat at the table,† and adding to the key bearings and achievement of the organization† (Sims, 2007, p. 31). There are numerous instances of HRM adding to the association achievement which can be outlined by BASF (diminished work costs up to 30%), or Wegman’s Food Markets (decreased item costs however kept up employees’ benefits) (Sims, 2007, p. 31). Enlistment And Retention There are a few integral assets of HRM, which add to the association achievement, for exa mple, enrollment and maintenance. These are essential issues of HRM, since enlistment and maintenance structure the staff of any association. Enlistment ought to be actualized in an astute, exact and proficient way. Particularly during the association rebuilding it is fundamental to utilize gifted experts who can bring the significant conceivable benefit for the association. It's implied that experts ought to be kept in the staff, and this can be accomplished not just by additional installments. For example, there is a ton of proof that â€Å"employees and potential workers are increasingly keen on formative chances, particularly organized ones† (Torrington et al., 2005, p.362). In any case, it is important to concede that enrollment and maintenance systems are frequently thought little of regarding HRM particularly during association restructuring.Advertising Looking for inquire about paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your f irst paper with 15% OFF Learn More Training And Development Another significant technique of HRM manages employees’ preparing and advancement. Bratton and Gold (2001) propose that they are â€Å"significant if not the significant components† of HRM (Bratton Gold, 2001, p.274). Obviously, these methodologies need some additional assets, which are very limited during rebuilding. In any case, Bratton and Gold (2001) bring up that, as a matter of first importance, it will be useful to supplant words â€Å"training costs† with â€Å"investment†, this can empower individuals included â€Å"to take a more extended term see, especially concerning the outcomes† of these methodologies (Bratton Gold, 2001, p.274). In addition, innovation advancement, globalization and never halting changes have brought into front line the need to stay up with the latest to these consistent changes. Along these lines, a great deal of associations give critical consideration to these methodologies. Representative Performance Management Employee execution the executives is one of the best HRM procedures during the rebuilding, since it delineates all the significant objectives and guideline of work for every worker. Armstrong (2006) characterizes that â€Å"the in general aim† of this technique is â€Å"to set up a superior culture in which people and groups assume liability for the ceaseless improvement of business processes† (Armstrong, 2006, p.496). Along these lines, every representative has the unequivocal extent of what is being normal from him/her. Armstrong (2006) includes that exhibition the executives ought to be founded on such fundamental component as â€Å"agreement, estimation, input, uplifting feedback and dialogue† (Armstrong, 2006, p.496). These components are particularly important during rebuilding, since association the board ought not just set some misrepresented desires, accordingly, the entirety of the previously mentioned components ought to be available to empower representative be focused on following the essential execution. Administrative Compliance Regulatory consistence is another technique which can be actualized during rebuilding. This is very successful administrative technique which can recognize productivity of every worker. During association rebuilding it is imperative to characterize whether all the representatives consent to the significant objectives of the association and in general association desires. Publicizing We will compose a custom research paper test on Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this methodology execution can meet solid resistance among the staff. In this way, Beardwell and Claydon (2007) contend that for little firms administrative consistence might be exceptionally testing, now and again prompting negative outcomes (Beardwell Claydon, 2007, p.480). It is important to incl ude this can't decrease the significance and estimation of this HRM procedure. Remunerations And Benefits. The most mainstream systems of HRM are pay and advantages. Allegedly, these procedures can rouse workers and potential representatives during enlistment and maintenance, however, inconsequential; since as referenced above representatives can be increasingly inspired by basic turn of events. IT is likewise important to concede that during rebuilding, usage of these HRM techniques can be decreased. There are additionally a few choices of these procedures. Bratton and Gold (2001) propose new models of pay and advantages: cafeteria-style benefits, when workers can pick the suitable profit by the rundown gave by association the board (Bratton Gold, 2006, p.263). In any case, during rebuilding it will be progressively compelling to inspire representatives, executing different systems. The Most Effective HRM Strategies Thus, it is conceivable to presume that the best HRM techniques wh ich can be executed during association rebuilding are enrollment and maintenance, preparing and advancement, administrative consistence, representative execution the board. Simultaneously such procedures as pay and advantages can be pointless regarding association rebuilding. Reference List Armstrong, Michael. (2006). A Handbook Of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J., Claydon, T. (2007). Human Resource Management: A Contemporary Approach. Harlow: Pearson Education. Bratton, J. what's more, Gold, J. (2001).Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. London New York: Routledge.Advertising Searching for look into paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Mathis, R.L., Jackson, J.H. (2007). Human Resource Management. Bricklayer, OH: Cengage Learning. Sims, R.R. (2007). Human Resource Management: Contemporary Issues, Challenges, And Opportunities. Charlotte, NC: IAP. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S. (2005). Human Resource Management. Harlow: Pearson Education.

Report on the Solar Power Generation Versus Hydropower Generation Assignment

Report on the Solar Power Generation Versus Hydropower Generation - Assignment Example The exploration had been done through; surveys, meetings and record audit. It examines hydro electric force creation frameworks, wind turbine generators, coal as a wellspring of vitality, sun based vitality and geothermal wellsprings of vitality. Government apparently plays a key job in the advancement of these procedures. It is seen that the administration has attest remain in accordance with the various types of intensity age techniques. Its help of hydro power frameworks is obvious from the level of hydro power produced and associated with the national network framework. This report will take a gander at the technique utilized in gathering information, the outcomes and complete a conversation from which an end and fitting suggestions will be made (Patton, 2002). Presentation This is a report of research on the force creation in Waikato. Research was done to analyze the strategies for power age in Waikato; hydroelectric force and sunlight based force. ... This report is to plot some the benefits and faults of these strategies for creation of intensity. These were to be utilized in the control of the natural contamination during vitality age forms. Government inclusion in the creation and flexibly of capacity to different parts was to be examined. This was to help know the profundity of government intercession in these procedures. These pieces data were required for the profound comprehension of these strategies. It was to help realize the one that call for more mediation by the legislature, their effect on the earth, the expense of creation and flexibly to the zones of utilization. The report along these lines involves; look into plan, results, conversation, end and proposal. s Research plan/philosophy Before starting our examination we organized our exploration plan in the accompanying advances: Description of assessment measures Data gathering procedure and data inquire about Assessing the force gracefully sources and levels Intervi ewing of specialists Analyzing the force flexibly slants dependent on the gathered information Step1: portrayal of assessment standards To guarantee that we gathered significant data, we laid out our model as follows; 1. Distinguishing proof of the force producing techniques: this involved the ID of the sources and machines included. 2. Recognizable proof of the effect of the related force sources to nature; we were to depict or discover the sources, machines and methods included effect the general condition. 3. Assurance of the cost viability of the strategies and frameworks; we were to decide the expense acquired to develop, keep up and run the creation framework. 4. Assurance of the life expectancy of the types of gear, structures and machines required; from the

Logistics in Practice

Official Summary Foreign speculators have grasped the open entryway arrangement and minimal effort work, existing in China to extend their organizations. In China, most worldwide organizations have spread across significant urban communities, for example, Beijing, shanghai and Guangdong locales, which give good business condition to development. Then again, since joining the World Trade Organization, WTO, in 2002, additional open doors for Chinese have taken root.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Logistics in Practice explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the nation increases in; expanded exchanging territory, insurance guidelines and arrangement power (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011).Despite of significant advancement accomplished in flexibly chain the board by the administration, there still a requirement for development, to successfully manage pacing globalization, developing innovation and rivalry allowed by comparable firms comprehensively. Dif ficulties influencing Chinese firms have looped around coordinations the board, legitimate condition and foundation. In any case, with legitimate changes, grasping present day innovation and globalization, it is positive that the calculated condition will keep an eye on another upper hand to coordinations firms in the nation. Western nations have, additional time in patching up their flexibly chain activities. Investigating openings past their fringes, grasping financially savvy methodologies and government support has been a main impetus for their prosperity. Be that as it may, issues, for example, adaptability of flexibly chain, information security risk and regular disasters have hindered their quality. Presentation Globalization of exchange and mechanical movement of organizations over the world have improved exchange between nations. Deliberately, this has fixed an open door for nations to smooth out their coordinations the board practices to make an upper hand (Sandelands, 199 7). Nations have perpetually connected their gracefully chain to global systems to profit by the open doors existing inside their national degree. The worldwide systems have given an intricate coordinations framework, which has bring about enlarging operational proficiency, quick item conveyance and accomplishing the business goals. This paper looks into on coordinations and activities the board in China and Western nations. The paper investigates the accepted procedures, difficulties, patterns and basic issues of flexibly chain tasks and the board forms existing between these two countries.Advertising Looking for report on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Information about China Despite ongoing worldwide downturn, money related calamities, and financial downturn, China has remained as one of the most dynamic and rising economies on the planet. This has undermined financial powerhouses of the West . Nonetheless, Sandelands (1997) contends that outside firms or financial specialists in China have experienced strategic difficulties in wording because of an extensive degree of business wisdom in the nearby Chinese market. They have refered to reasons, for example, un-smoothed out coordinations activities and the executives rehearses on account of the expanded or fast monetary development, and request in conveyance ( Sandelands, 1997). On the other hand, the Chinese government, lately, has perceived the test, and has sincerely started patching up its coordinations activities and the executives, as an apparatus for key monetary development. This has been accomplished through financing coordinations firms, refining coordinations foundations, making an across the nation multimodal transport system and building an enormous scope calculated focus (Lin and Ho, 2009). Writing Review Best Practices Technology is fundamental in smoothing out gracefully chain exercises. As indicated by Jia ng and Prater (2002), while choosing and executing innovation in gracefully chain tasks, it is essential to characterize a strategic component, and business forms. It is an astute choice to survey the requirements of the client and assess the requirement for innovation in explaining the customers’ need. La Londe and Masters (1994) bears witness to that, surfacing with unequivocal necessities may demonstrate intense and numerous organizations neglect to take care of business. This is on the grounds that most organizations harp on distinguishing direct expenses and reserve funds as opposed to, measuring basic components, for example, stock and work, and shrouded costs. While choosing innovation, it is acceptable to grasp the arrival on speculation, RIO, as the benchmark; this guarantees unmistakable advantages are accomplished simultaneously (Moncrieff et al, 2003). China has recently, fused innovation in gracefully chain activities and the executives. The web driven innovation , for example, EDI is normal across gracefully chain preparing organizations in the country.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Logistics in Practice explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has rearranged sharing of business records, for example, charges, buy requests and solicitations (La Londe and Masters, 1994). Besides, sharing data over the EDI has empowered brisk reaction to advertise requests and forecast of market changes. The West flexibly chains have likewise productively used innovation in gracefully chain activities. Most strategic firms have executed innovations to streamline business procedures and activities. One of the innovations making upper hand for Western firms is the RFID. As per Lin and Ho (2009), RFID is an innovation that improves following procedure of items, as they move from the producers to the purchaser. Drã ¶ge, and Germain (1991) show that best practice in material’s taking c are of diminish contact work, bolsters esteem include tasks and aides in dealing with various assembling situations. Be that as it may, to win this best practice, materials-taking care of frameworks ought to be moderate other than crossing over free data stream in the business, and the providers. Most West coordinations firms, for example, the US have grasped E-business; this has decreased the issue of material taking care of by making an upper hand (La Londe and Masters, 1994). In the US, organizations, for example, Wal-Mart, Amazon, e-sound has effectively limited material taking care of through online business (Lieb, 1992). As indicated by Manuj and Sahin (2011) having a flexibly chain that furnishes a client with item customization, and decent variety through additional worth administrations, is having the best practice that is productive. That is, does unequivocally what a client request (Manuj and Sahin, 2011). In Spain for instance, it is a mandatory for a business to look at its tasks with a refreshed records of yesterday’s challenges just as anticipating on future enhancements (Drã ¶ge, and Germain, 1991). Difficulties of gracefully chain the executives in China and the West China has encountered a few difficulties in flexibly chain the board for quite a while. This, to a bigger expand has influenced gracefully chain organizations in the nation. The difficulties have waterlogged different parts of flexibly chain the executives; warehousing, transport, buying, stock control, request handling and import/send out services.Advertising Searching for report on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More As indicated by Jiang and Prater (2002), these hindrances have emerged due to the interior wastefulness. For instance, Jiang and Prater (2002) attract that most assembling firms China have been confronting significant difficulties in transport and responsibility for administrations. These difficulties have influenced the degree of satisfaction in giving vehicle administrations. In his overview, Drã ¶ge and Germain (1991) investigated difficulties confronting Joint Ventures in China; he noticed that there was a test in maintaining a concurrent quality level, though diminishing expenses by buying assets locally. Interesting Features of Supply Chain The models of the coordinations and flexibly chain are firmly related. Gracefully chain supports all the jobs and exercises tied in satisfying a customer’s demand. These exercises incorporate; producing, moving, warehousing and flexibly of crude materials and the (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011). The job of a gracefully chain involves a co nsistent progression of data, change and conveyance of products from crude materials stage all the way to the finish client. The significant explanation that fixes the achievement of a flexibly chain is the procedure of mix among purchasers and providers, the framework that connections accomplices and the market mindfulness on the base of data as opposed to stock. Gracefully Chain has notable highlights, which makes it special in succeeding its errands. One of the highlights is stock administration. This element empowers a firm to follow and oversee supplies of crude materials and constituents required for creation, completed or finished products to achieve open deals requests and extra parts required for field administration and food. This aides in limiting waste, stockpiling expenses and opens up the firm for other crucial purposes (Jiang, 2002). Request the board is likewise another remarkable element of a flexibly chain. Request the executives moves in accelerating the execution of the entire procedure of request to conveyance cycle by making firms to beneficially deliver and follow deals orders (Ip et al, 2011). This office additionally makes dynamism in booking gracefully conveyance, to achieve a request and increase an expedient age of evaluating and item arrangement. Globalization has made organizations to grow massively, accepting up open doors existing in outside grounds. Coordinations, an administration include associated with gracefully chain rearranges coordination of extensive stockrooms and transport courses reinforcing on-time conveyance execution making consumer loyalty (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011). Plus, coordinations the board assists with accomplishing client item perceivability and shows how a finished item, put away and dist

The Collapse of Lehman Brothers A Case Study

The Collapse of Lehman Brothers A Case Study A little over a decade ago, something unexpected happened in the banking sector in the United States, sending out huge ripples that greatly shook the financial industry, both in the United States and across the globe.On September 15 2008, Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy protection, thereby shaking consumer confidence in the economy and sending out the message that no institution was too big to fail.The collapse of Lehman Brothers was significant for a number of reasons.At the time, Lehman Brothers was United States’ fourth largest investment bank and employed over 25,000 people across the globe.At the time of filing for bankruptcy, the bank had $639 billion in assets and $619 in debt, making this the largest bankruptcy filing ever, even surpassing the collapse of other giants such as Enron and WorldCom.The Lehman bankruptcy filing was more than one and half the size of Sweden’s GDP in the same year.The collapse also made Lehman Brothers the largest victim of the 2008 financi al crisis, which was induced by subprime mortgages, at least in the US.The collapse of Lehman Brothers intensified the financial crisis and contributed to the global equity markets losing close to $10 trillion in market capitalization in October 2008.At the time, this was the biggest ever monthly decline.What made Lehman Brother’s bankruptcy filing even more shocking was that it came less than a year after the bank had posted its biggest profits ever, and after repeated assurances by the bank’s chief executives that its leverage was manageable, that liquidity levels were high, and that the bank’s overall finances were looking good.Finally, owing to the bank’s global footprint and cross-border interdependencies, the aftershocks that followed its collapse were felt all across the globe and directly affected thousands of financial market participants.The bank’s bankruptcy filing led to more than 75 other distinct bankruptcy filings.In this case study, we are going to look at a brief history of Lehman Brothers and the errors that led to its massive collapse. HISTORY OF LEHMAN BROTHERSLike many other companies playing at the global stage, Lehman Brothers had quite a humble beginning.In the early 1840’s, a German immigrant named Henry Lehman opened up a general store that sold utensils, dry goods and groceries to cotton farmers in Montgomery, Alabama.A few years later, in 1850, Henry’s two brothers, Emanuel and Mayer, decided to join Henry in the business, and that is how Lehman Brothers was born.Soon after, the brothers realized that buying and selling cotton was more lucrative, and so they abandoned the general merchandising business in favor of trading in cotton.The brothers then opened an office in New York and were instrumental in setting up the commodities futures trading business in the US when they opened the New York Cotton Exchange. Lehman Brothers also helped establish the Petroleum and Coffee Exchange.In the early 1900s, Lehman Brothers sta rted intermediating funding for the industrial, retail and transportation giants that were emerging at the time, and their business shifted from dealing with commodities to merchant banking.In 1925, a grandson of Emanuel Lehman known as Robert Lehman took over the reins of the firm and led it until death.During his time at the helm, Robert Lehman turned Lehman Brothers into a well-known investment bank.It became an important asset on Wall Street, helping leading U.S and international companies in mergers and acquisitions, underwriting securities offerings and giving financial advice.Lehman remained privately owned and under the control of the Lehman family until Robert Lehman’s death in 1969.As the US economy grew and prospered, Lehman Brothers grew and prospered with it, though the growth was not without its challenges.In the 1800s, it was the railroad bankruptcies. In the 1930s, there was the Great Depression. Then there was the two world wars.In 1994, the bank was spun off by A merican Express, leading to a capital shortage. In 1998, there was the Russian debt default.Lehman Brothers survived all these challenges and potential disasters, and therefore it came as a surprise when the bank was finally brought down by the collapse of the U.S housing market.At the time of the Lehman Brothers’ collapse, the bank’s main business areas were typical investment banking, as well as capital markers, fixed income, equities, and investment management.The investment banking arm of the bank dealt with provision of financial services, such as underwritings, mergers and acquisitions, and issuance of securities.REPEALING OF THE GLASS-STEAGALL ACTMany financial experts believe that the first factor that contributed to the demise of Lehman Brothers was the repealing of the Glass-Steagall Act.The Glass-Steagall Act, passed in the wake of the Great Depression of the 1930s, separated the interests of investment and commercial banks.This, in essence, prevented competition betw een commercial and investment banks and protected their balance sheets by allowing each to focus on its strongest areas.Under this legislation, commercial banks typically handled capital intensive investments, such as corporate and real estate investments, while investment banks dealt with highly liquid, asset-light investments.Aside from separating the interests of investment and commercial banks, the Glass Steagall Act was a way of protecting the economy from mass collapse.In case one sector failed, this legislation ensured that the other would remain strong rather being dragged down as well, therefore preventing the entire economy from going down.In 1999, however, President Clinton signed into law the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, thereby making it possible for investment and commercial banks to once again compete directly with each other.The ensuing competition would turn out to be disastrous, not only for Lehman Brothers, but also for the global economy.With the Glass-Steagall Act re pealed, Lehman Brothers fervently went after the US housing market, which was experiencing a boom at the time.Between 2003 and 2004, the bank became a key player in the housing market and acquired give mortgage lenders, including Aurora Loan Services and BNC Mortgage, two subprime lenders who specialized in Alt-A loans.Initially, these acquisitions looked like wise decisions. Between 2004 and 2006, Lehman Brothers recorded a 56% growth in revenue from its real estate business alone.Starting from 2005, Lehman Brothers reported record profits, and in 2007, the bank posted revenues of $19.3 billion and a record net income of $4.2 billion.In February 2007, the firm’s stock price rose to an all-time high of $86.18 per share, giving Lehman Brothers a market cap of almost $60 billion.Despite the exceptional profits and the rise in Lehman Brothers’ stock price, it had started becoming apparent that the U.S housing market was approaching a bubble burst.By the first quarter of 2007, defau lts on subprime mortgages had reached their highest point in 7 years.On 13 March 2007, just a day before Lehman Brothers posted record revenues and profits for the first quarter of 2007, its stock experienced its biggest one-day drop in five years, due to growing worries that the increasing rate of defaults in the subprime mortgages markets would affect the bank’s profitability.The firm’s CFO, however, assured shareholders that the defaults were well contained, and that the delinquencies in the subprime market would not cross over to the rest of the housing market.TROUBLE STARTS BREWING FOR LEHMAN BROTHERSDespite the record profits posted by Lehman Brothers in the first quarter of 2007, that year would turn out to be a tumultuous year for firms in the housing market.In August 2007, two hedge funds operated by Bear Stearns failed completely.At the time, Bear Stearns was Lehman Brothers’ biggest rival in Wall Street. The failure of Bear Stearns two hedge funds eroded investor co nfidence in the market, and Lehman’s stock experienced a sharp decline.In the same month, Lehman Brothers shut down its BNC unit, did away with about 2500 mortgage related jobs and closed the offices of Alt-A lender Aurora in 3 states.Despite the market conditions not looking promising, Lehman Brothers did not slow down on its mortgage backed securities.That year, the firm was the biggest underwriter of mortgage backed securities, resulting in an $111 billion portfolio, which was about four times the firm’s shareholder’s equity.At the same time, the firm’s chief executives continually reassured the press and shareholders of the firm’s financial strength and downplayed the concerns that there was danger in the domestic and global economies.In the fourth quarter of 2007, there was a temporary rebound in the market.Prices for fixed income assets rebounded, global equity markets reached new highs, and Lehman’s stock experienced a rebound.This was the perfect time for the fir m to trim its portfolio of high-risk, illiquid assets.Unfortunately, the firm failed to do this, and looking back, this would turn out to be the firm’s last chance to reduce its massive mortgage portfolio.THE COLLAPSE OF LEHMAN BROTHERSIn March 2008, Bear Stearns, which was second to Lehman Brothers in underwriting of mortgage backed securities, almost collapsed and was only saved by financial injection from JP Morgan, backed by the Federal Reserve.The near-collapse of Bear Stearns created fear that Lehman Brothers would be the next Wall Street firm to fail, and its shares dropped by as much as 48%. In the second quarter of 2007, Lehman Brothers posted losses of $2.8 billion.Seeing its bleak outlook, Lehman Brothers issued preferred stock that could be converted into Lehman shares at 32% premium.By so doing, the firm raised about $6 billion, thereby helping to slightly raise investor confidence in the company, though the confidence was short lived.The conditions in the credit mark et continued deteriorating, and by the end of the first half of 2008, the stock price of Lehman Brothers had fallen by 73% compared to January the same year.In August 2008, as it approached its third quarter reporting deadline, the firm announced intentions to let go 1500 employees, about 6% of its workforce.On 22 August, 2008, there were reports that a deal was underway for the state-controlled Korea Development Bank to purchase Lehman Brothers. These reports led to a 5% increase in Lehman Shares.Unfortunately, these gains were quickly reversed when the Korea Development Bank announced that it was having trouble attracting partners for the deal and pleasing regulators.On September 9, Korea Development Bank announced that it had put the talks on hold, resulting in Lehman shares plunging to $7.79.Things continued going south for Lehman Brothers.When time came to release financial statements for the third fiscal quarter, the firm posted additional losses of $3.9 billion.The release of the third quarter financial statements resulted in the firm’s stock price plummeting to $3.64, representing a 94% decline from January the same year.Seeing that the firm was in a grave crisis, CEO Richard Fuld attempted to keep the firm afloat by announcing a plan to sell the firm’s real estate holdings. Unfortunately, there were no willing buyers.To make matters worse, the United States Treasury made it clear that it would not step in to bail out Lehman Brothers.Instead, the Treasury encouraged other financial institutions such as Bank of America and Barclays to acquire Lehman Brothers and save it from its impending collapse.None of the potential acquirors agreed to a deal, and eventually, on Sunday September 15, 2008, Lehman Brothers admitted defeat, and under advice from the United States Treasury, the firm filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection, before the markets opened on Monday.AFTERMATH OF THE LEHMAN BROTHERS COLLAPSEWhile there are other factors that contributed to the subsequent economic turmoil, the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers seemed to be the one event that triggered the widespread economic recession that continued well into 2009.This was the biggest economic crisis ever since the Great Depression.Following the bankruptcy filing by Lehman Brothers on September 15 2008. The Dow Jones dropped by 504 points once the markets opened.On September 16, Barclays agreed to a deal to purchase Lehman Brothers’ US capital markets division at $1.75 billion.The resulting financial crisis also took insurance giant AIG to the brink of total collapse. The federal government was forced to step in and save the insurance giant with a financial bailout package worth $182 billion.Owing to its Lehman Brothers exposure, the stocks of the Primary Fund also experienced a very sharp decline, dropping to below $1 per share.Following the collapse of Lehman Brothers and subsequent financial crisis, over 6 million people lost their jobs and unemployment in the United States rose by 10%.It also led to the controversial passage of the Trouble Asset Relief Program on October 3 2008, which saw the US government step in with a $700 billion bailout package to rescue what remained of the country’s financial sector.The 2008 financial crisis also led to the passage of the Dodd-Frank Act, which was passed with the aim of increasing financial regulation.The effect of the collapse of Lehman Brothers was not restricted to the United States.Across the world, people confidence in the global banks and hedge funds dropped greatly and credit markets froze. The economies of countries like Lithuania, Hungary and Latvia were devastated.Even the European Union was majorly affected. Government officials in Iceland announced that the government had no funds to support the country’s major banks, while Pakistan was forced to seek a bailout from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).WHAT REALLY WENT WRONG?Ever since its foundation back in the early 1840s, Lehman Brot hers surmounted multiple tests and trials over a period of more than one and a half centuries.Therefore, it is unfathomable that one isolated incident was all it would take to make the Wall Street giant go belly up. So, what really went wrong?The collapse of Lehman Brothers can be attributed to a series of factors that, combined together, put it in a position it could not extract itself from.These factors are:Lies by its CEO Richard FuldWhen the housing market started showing cracks in 2007, Lehman Brothers was deeply involved in a highly aggressive and leveraged business model.However, many other Wall Street firms at the time employed the same model, so how did they survive while Lehman Brothers went belly up?The difference is that some of the firms had the foresight to recognize that the US housing market was facing a pending collapse, and they therefore took the time to evaluate what a high default rate would do to their business.Lehman’s CEO, Richard Fuld, on the other hand, d id not take the time to evaluate market conditions.When others firms started reducing their leverage, Lehman Brothers continued increasing their asset portfolio in mortgage-backed security investments, which were very risky given market conditions.That was not all.At some point, Fuld realized that his strategy was not working as he expected, and he had an opportunity to take responsibility and admit that he had made an error.Had Fuld spoken out truthfully about the firm’s financial health in time, there would have been time to come up with good solutions on how to prevent the firm continuing its headlong march towards its inevitable collapse.For instance, if they had been given a notice early enough, financial institutions such as Barclays and Bank of America would have had enough time to come up with a plan to save Lehman from its imminent collapse.Unfortunately, instead of being truthful, Fuld repeatedly assured shareholders and the press that the firm was financially healthy an d was not facing any foreseeable concerns.Speaking out would also have made the federal government aware of the situation Lehman Brothers was in and allowed it to take actionable measures to minimize losses and protect the firm from total collapse.By choosing to paint a rosy picture of the bank’s financial health, Fuld made it impossible for outsiders to know the actual situation the firm was in until it was too late.Complicity by CFO Erin CallanEven though Lehman CEO Richard Fuld chose to lie to the public that the firm was not facing any foreseeable concerns, the banks financial reports would have shown a different picture.To keep shareholders and other stakeholders fooled, CFO Callan gave approval of Lehman’s assets to be siphoned away into Hudson Castle, a phantom subsidiary of Lehman’s.By siphoning of Lehman’s assets into Hudson Castle misrepresented Lehman’s financial health and made sure its balance sheets did not show any sign of trouble.This misrepresentation of f inancial health was applied on two consecutive quarters.Following the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the investigations that followed confirmed that the siphoning of Lehman assets to Hudson Castle was not done for tax benefits, but to create the illusion that the illusion that Lehman Brothers was financial stable and secure.While this was not an illegal strategy, it intentionally kept shareholders from being aware of the bank’s dangerously high leverage, since awareness of the same would have eroded shareholder confidence in the firm’s operations.As with the CEO’s decision to lie, the firm would have been better off had the CFO not been complicit to the CEO’s lies by misrepresenting financial information.Negligence by Ernst YoungAt the time of Lehman’s impeding collapse, Ernst Young were the only outsiders who were aware of the actual situation at Lehman Brothers and the extensive steps the firm’s executive leadership was taking to conceal the firm’s financial woes.As a firm of certified public accountants, Ernst Young was expected to honor and uphold the industry’s code of ethics.However, Ernst Young choose to neglect its responsibility of honestly disclosing what was going on at Lehman Brothers.This was a highly unethical blunder that put Ernst Young’s highly respected reputation at risk.It is presumed that Ernst Young chose to turn a blind eye because Lehman Brothers was at the time one of their biggest and most lucrative clients.WRAPPING UPThe collapse of Lehman Brothers was a significant and unfortunate event in the history of the US financial industry.The collapse was significant because it killed the general public’s illusion that some institutions were too big to fail.At the same time, the collapse was unfortunate because it was essentially caused by the unethical behavior of the firm’s executive leaders and professional advisors.They consciously made the decision to deceive and manipulate the bank’s shareholders and the gen eral public, and the consequences for this deception proved too dire, not only for the firm, but also for the economy as a whole.The main lesson from the collapse of Lehman Brothers is that transparency and accountability are very important, regardless of how dire the circumstances mat seem.

Company analysis Math - 1100 Words

Logan Distribution Company (Math Problem Sample) Content: Logan Distribution CompanyThe president is thinking of changing the firm's credit policy to attract more customers from competitors. The present policy calls for 2/10, net 30 cash discount. The new policy would call for a 4/10, net 50 cash discount. Currently, 35 percent of Logan customers are taking the discount, and it is anticipated that this number would go up to 55 percent with the new discount policy. It is further anticipated that annual sales would increase from a level of $500,000 to $700,000 as a result of the change in the cash discount policy.The following is an evaluation of whether the adoption of the new policy is worth or not.Answers * The accounts receivable balance before and after the change in cash discount is as follow. Debtors taking discount Debtors not taking discount Total debtors Before change 2/365 (35%$500,000)= $958.90 10/365(65%$500,000)= $8,904.11 $9,863.01 After change 4/365 (55%$700,000)=$4219.18 10/365(45%$700,000)= $8,630.14 $12,849. 32 Notes: 1 Before change debtors taking discount are 35% 0f total sales (35% of $500,000) while those not taking discount are 65% of total sales (65% of $500,000). 2 After change debtors taking discount are 55% 0f total sales (55% of $700,000) while those not taking discount are 45% of total sales (45% of $700,000). 3 To obtain the amount of debt, we dividend the number of days taken to pay by the number of days in the year and then we multiply the result by the annual sales, 4 I have assumed a 365 days year. * Determining Economic Order Quantity before and after change ion ah discount policyEOQ= (2DS)/h , (Caplin Leahy, 2010), also expressed as [2DS/h]1/2Where, D; Annual demand ( 16,000 and 23,500 units)S; ordering cost ($ 260)H; Holding cost/ carrying cost ($2.52)Cost per unit $13 Before change After change EOQ in units (16000260/2.5)1/2= 1,290 (23,500260/2.5)1/2= 1,563 EOQ in dollars ( EOQ in units Cost per unit) 1290$13= $16,770 1563$13= 20,319 * Income Statement Before C hange in $ After change in $ Net sales (Sales-Discount) 494,749.70 680,749.90 Cost of good sold (321,587.31) (442,487.44) Gross Profit 173,162.39 238,262.46 General administrative expense (74,212.46) (102,112.49) Operating Profit 98,949.93 136,149.97 Interest on increase in accounts receivable and inventory (14%) (14,068.08) Income before taxes 98,949.93 122,081.89 Taxes (39,579.97) (48,832.76) Income after taxes 59,369.96 73,249.13 NotesCash discountsBefore change= 3% $958.90= $28.77The above discount is after 2 days, to compute discount for the whole year we then multiply it by 365 days and divide it two.Total cash discount for the year= $28.77365/2= $5,250.53After change= 5%$4219.18= $210.96The above discount is after 4days. ...

The Effects Of Media On Body Image - 1453 Words

It is known today that media and body image are closely related. Particularly, how the body image advertising portrays effects our own body image. It has been documented in adolescents as they are more at risk for developing unhealthy attitudes toward their bodies. They are at a time where they re focused on developing their individual identities, making them susceptible to social pressure and media images. A major reason many people have a negative body image is because of the impact that media has had on our perception of body image. EFFECTS OF MEDIA In total, Americans spend a whopping 250 billion hours watching television every year. According to the research of California State University at Northridge, advertising accounts†¦show more content†¦Though this is true, research shows that media does contribute to the increase in body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. â€Å"Anorexia means ‘lack of appetite’, but in the case of the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, it is a desire to be the, rather than a lack of appetite, that causes individuals to decrease their food intake,† (Smolin and Mary Grosvenor, 76). â€Å"The name bulimia is taken from the Greek words bous (â€Å"ox†) and limos (â€Å"hunger†), denoting hunger of such intensity that a person could eat an entire ox,† (Smolin and Mary Grosvenor, 94). Eating Disorders affect 5-10 million Americans, and thousands of people die each year from their complications. Although some groups are at a greater risk than others, eating disorders occur in people of all ages, races, and socioeconomic backgrounds. We do not know what causes eating disorders, but many factors have been identified that may play a role (Smolin and Mary Grosvenor, 40). We know that eating disorders involve serious disturbances in eating behavior and extreme concern about body size or weight. We also know that eating disorders can be life-threatening if treatment is not provided or is not effective. But we do not completely understand what causes eating disorders. Generally, scientists believe they arise from a complex interaction of genetic, psychological, and sociocultural factors (Smolin and Mary Grosvenor, 42). â€Å"One study found that the average height and weight for a model isShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1484 Words   |  6 Pages Media has developed to become omnipresent in the day to day lives of the westernized societies. The media is considered a gigantic umbrella that houses a plethora of different outlets underneath it such as television, music videos, magazines, commercials, video games and social media. In this paper, the effects of media and various media types are examined to understand their potential outcomes. Focusing on how and if media affects body image in girls and women, the themes of dieting awarenessRead MoreEffects of Media on Body Image855 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Media on Body Image Discussion This study was conducted to analyze the impact of media, mainly fashion magazines, on how women perceived the idealized body weight and shape as well as the impact of media on the decision to diet or initiate an exercise program. Twenty working class women were given questionnaires at different times. The exposure to fashion magazines was assessed by determining whether the participant was a high level frequency viewer of fashion magazines, viewing themRead MoreMedia Effects Body Image1656 Words   |  7 PagesKoenig April 6, 2014 The Effects of Mass Media on African American Women Body Images Over the past 10 years, mass media and the access to social networks has evolved substantially causing the effects of negative self-image and what is considered beautiful. Body image expectations for both African-American male and female share the battles of society’s expectations, yet African American women body images come with a stricter and more unhealthy stigma; growth of social media such as Facebook, InstagramRead MoreMedia Effects On Body Image Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesSpecific age groups and mostly women have been studied regarding media effects on body image. These studies did not test the external stimuli created by peer groups that have an impact on a person’s self-idealization. This study addressed individual age groups divided by gender in order to determine how much media effects body idealization and if gender peer group opinions impact self-idealization when viewing media models. Methods The methods used in this study incorporated individuals into groupsRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1424 Words   |  6 PagesMedia holds such high standards in today s society, and media as a whole has gotten so much power throughout the years. There are so many different forms of media in today s world: newspapers, magazines, televisions, the hundreds of websites on the Internet, social media applications, computers, and novels. Media advertises thousands of different things, but something that has stayed consistent over the years is advertisement on body image. Media advertises a specific body type, pushes differentRead MoreEffects Of Media On Body Image1544 Words   |  7 Pages Bayer, A.M, Body image is the internal representation of one’s outer appearance which reflects physical and perpetual dimensions. For the purpose of this paper, body image can be defined as a person s perception, thoughts and feeling about her body, this can be altered by significantly altered by social experiences. This paper explores my personal experience and findings of empirical studies that examine the effects of media on body image in young women. Internalization of body ideals that areRead MoreThe Effects of Media on Body Image and Body Dissatisfaction.3566 Words   |  15 Pagesadverts in relation to body image in the media than realistic. Also, whether or not there were a higher number of unrealistic adverts in female media in relation to body image than in male media. This was carried out by looking at a number of adverts in different male and female health magazines and scoring the amount of unrealistic or realistic adverts found. The results found that there was no significant difference between the amounts of unrealistic/ realistic adverts on body image in the female magazinesRead MoreEssay on Media Effects on Body Image617 Words   |  3 PagesWith the tremendous effect the media has on men womens body image/self-esteem, there are things the medi a and those being effected can do to limit the impact. The media can change the portrayal of models in magazines, television, billboards, etc. By portraying unrealistic models, studies can conclude that it causes a negative effect on men and women leading to eating disorders, self-esteem problems, and possibly even sometimes more dramatic actions such as suicide (Groesz, Levine, and MurnenRead MoreMedia s Effect On The Body Image902 Words   |  4 Pagesalready confined with how the media set unrealistic standards for the female population. This leads girls to harm their own body, including eating disorders such as bulimia, and anorexia. The most prominent cause of these acts is advertisements. Advertisements are everywhere and they have the power to promote, sell, encourage, and give unrealistic ideals of the common people. Advertisements and media images have a negative effect on the way women view their body image which leads to self-harm. EveryRead MoreThe Effect Of Media On Womens Body Image1247 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch on how the role of media affects how women perceive body image. I was interested in knowing the ways in which the media influenced the ways in which they perceive themselves and their beauty. In order to perform my research, I conducted surveys of female students ranging from ages 18-28, carried out experimental research on them to test whether they feel worse about their bodies after being exposed to thin media models than after being exposed to other types of images as well as conducting secondary

The Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage on US Economy

People go to work to earn their income to support their family. Due to the fact that the prices of goods increase year and after year, the minimum wage has been increasing from less than a dollar to $7.25 now. The question that comes to everybody is that should we increase the minimum wage by too far. Does the minimum wage increase reduce the unemployment since now the current wage is high enough? Some people might think that we should increase the minimum wage in order to increase the labor supply. However, if we think deeply than this, there are more disadvantages than advantages of increasing the minimum wage. The farther the minimum wage increases, the less labor supply will be. Therefore, how will the minimum wage increase affect the US economy overall? How far should we go to increase the minimum wage? Drawbacks: We first define the definition of the minimum wage. It is the wage that must be paid legally to each employee. The minimum acts like a price floor that prevents the labor market to self-regulate without any intervention of the government. When the minimum wage is set in the market, the demanders (employers) and the suppliers (employees) will find it hard to negotiate over the market price. The higher the minimum wage is, the more condition the employers have on the employees. Now employers will have preferences since they can reduce any unqualified workers by demanding the workers who have high skills. There is a surplus in the labor market; in other words,Show MoreRelatedMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesThe minimum wage is one of the most controversial issues on our country, which is United States has been facing last ten years. There have been never ending debates over this issue until the government, company, and others party stand together, and raise the minimum wage throughout the nations. There are communities that believe raise the minimum wage has negative impact of every sector of the country. Other communities have different beliefs over the issue, raising the minimum wage helps the poorRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Raised For A Better Standard Of Living1636 Words   |  7 PagesVamsi Sanagala Hannah Manshel Dec 15 2014 English 1 Minimum Wage Almost 3.3 out of 76 million workers in the US receive minimum wage (Source: BLS reports). Activists for raising the minimum wage claim that the federal minimum wage of $7.25 is the reason they are living in poverty, and that the wage must be raised for a better standard of living. Many people who take on minimum wage jobs are young and work in companies that don’t carry much prestige; however, they stillRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Legal940 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage is now at a steady $7.25 per hour and shows no sign of increasing anytime soon. There are states right now at the time that are trying to raise the minimum wage, and see how this will effect the economy of the area. As prices continue to increase in every day expenses, it becomes hard for us to keep up and be able to provide for our family or get even the basic necessities that we may need. People are saying that with more money, they will spend more back to the economy, thus helpingRead MoreRaising Minimum Wage Will Benefit Our Economy1576 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many people who will debate whether-or-not raising minimum wage will benefit our economy. Money is what helps us survive and acquire our necessities of life. Most children are instilled with the thought that going to school, getting a good education, and obtaining a good job would guarantee success and happiness; although everyone does not have that privilege, and may end up with lower paying jobs. Almost anyone can get a job at a fast food restaurant, clothing store, or any general jobRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Change 1151 Words   |  5 PagesU.S economy is the topic of minimum wage. With president Obama’s increase i n the minimum wage to 10.10$ per hour people, both economists and politicians alike, have been debating whether raising the bar is a smart idea. At a time when the country the country’s inflation continues to rise at a steady pace and Americans are constantly working to feed their families, some economists know that a raise in the minimum wage would help elevate some of the difficulty. The last time the federal minimum wageRead MoreEssay Should Congress Raise Minimum Wage?614 Words   |  3 PagesCongress Raise Minimum Wage? As our federal government debates the idea to raise the minimum wage, there are several interesting questions that occur. Most importantly, should we raise the minimum wage? I believe it is a bad idea to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 per hour up to $10.10 or more in a short period of time. I will explain why raising minimum wage radically would kill jobs and hurt our economy. The main reason raising the minimum wage radically would kill the economy is the pressureRead MoreRaising The Minimum Wage Increase On Employment And Family Income Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesRaising the minimum wage America’s economy is built upon the free enterprise system which operates according to five principles: the freedom to choose our businesses, right to private property, profit motive, competition, and consumer freedom. This system allows pricing of goods and services and employee wages to be determined by the market. Raising the minimum wage will adversely affect the pricing of consumer goods and employee wages and can temporarily disrupt our economic system. According toRead MoreA Full Time Worker Earn $ 5.15 An Hour1378 Words   |  6 PagesA full time worker earning $7.25 an hour will make approximately $15,080 a year (â€Å"Minimum Wage†). That’s barely more than what students pay for housing and food at some colleges, and we expect a family to live off of this? The poverty line is at $20,000 for a family of four, so how are these people supposed to raise their children in a healthy environment while working full-time to not even be on the poverty line? If this raise is done correctly, employment and prices won’t be hurt, and we will onlyRead MoreMinimum Wage Of The United States Of America And Australia1031 Words   |  5 Pagesthis globalization era, as various countries see growth in their economy, there has also been significant differences in the wages set to employees in different countries. The lowest wages set by the law that are fixed to a particular amount which is also defined to be the price floor be low which workers shall not sell their labor, has its own effects. The minimum wage law came into force as a matter of social justice amongst the low-wage workers, also to reduce exploitation and see that workers canRead MoreMinimum Wage Laws For The United States Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesThe minimum wage is the mandated price floor paid on hourly or daily basis for the employees regulated by the government or the union. In â€Å"Federal Minimum Wage†, New Zealand and Australia enacted the first minimum wage law during the late 19th century to prevent employers’ exploitation of workers. In 1912, Massachusetts passed the first minimum wage legislation in the US that was enforced for women and children, and fifteen more states followed in the next eleven years. However, the Supreme Court

Marijuana V. Alcohol Essay - 770 Words

Marijuana v. Alcohol Grass. Ganja. Kush. Weed. Pot. Mary Jane. Marijuana. Marijuana is an illegal substance in America, used by people to get â€Å"high.† It has become a recent debate over whether it is right to legalize marijuana or to keep it as an illegal substance. Many people believe that marijuana is a dangerous substance that should never be legalized in America. These people focus on marijuana which is harmless in comparison to alcohol, which is a legal and widely used substance in America. The negative of effects of marijuana are less severe then those of alcohol. The case for the legalization of marijuana can be made by comparing and contrasting the effects on the body of marijuana and alcohol use. Marijuana is used in a similar†¦show more content†¦Marijuana is much safer then alcohol too. Marijuana is one of the few drugs without the risk of overdose. In 2006, alcohol was the cause of 22,073 deaths in the united states. Alcohol, by itself or combined with another illicit drug, was involved in approximately 577,521 emergency room visits. Marijuana use, on the other hand, has no effect, increasing or decreasing, on mortality. Marijuana was only involved in approximately 290,563 emergency room visits. This means that alcohol is involved in two times the amount of emergency room visits as marijuana and kills more people each year because marijuana doesn’t have a direct affect on mortality. In the case of legalization of marijuana in the United States, the answer is obvious. Marijuana is safer to the human body then alcohol, which is legal. Marijuana has positive medical applications, while alcohol has no positive medical applications. Alcohol also kills over 22,000 people a year from alcohol poisoning, while marijuana kills zero people a year because it is not possible to overdose. If marijuana is safer for a person then alcohol then why do they have it as an illegal substance. The legalization of marijuana is the obvious answer to the debate that is occurring across the United States. Works Cited Albert S. Whiting. Alcohol Use Is Harmful. Opposing Viewpoints: Gateway Drugs. NoÃÆ' «l Merino. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2008. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale.Show MoreRelatedPrayer, Homosexuality, And Alcohol And Drugs1469 Words   |  6 PagesReligion vs. Secularism in Prayer, Homosexuality, and Alcohol and Drugs The Puritans left England to be able to have the freedom of choosing their religion. Their voyage seems like a long time ago, but still today, America struggles to find the balance between religion and freedom. This paper will discuss three areas where this battle is manifested: public prayer, homosexuality, and alcohol and drugs. America today reflects the outcome of each side’s ability to make laws and the measures that wereRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legalized Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesTable of Contents I. Introduction to Cannabis II. The History of Marijuana III. The Prohibition IV. Economic Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana V. The Medical Benefits of Marijuana VI. Marijuana vs. Alcohol and Tobacco VII. Marijuana Stimulates Creativity and Brain Cell Growth VIII. Conclusion Should marijuana be legalized for recreational and medical purposes? Thesis: Since marijuana is not harshly dangerous to one’s health nor is it a hard narcotic, it should beRead MoreFacts About Marijuana Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesFacts About Marijuana Weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, hash, herb, Mary Jane, ganja, skunk, boom, kif, gangster; these are all common names for the drug marijuana. Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States, which makes it a problem. Certain officials believe that legalizing this potentially harmful drug will solve the problems that are associated with it. But that is not true. In fact, legalizing marijuana would only make the situation much worse. Although many peopleRead MoreMarijuana Legalization1212 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana Legalization COMP 1500 April 20th, 2009 Word Count: 807 Outline I. Introduction Thesis Statement: Although America is the land of the free you do not really have  too many  free choices you can make. Americans  should have  the right to  choose whether or not  marijuana should be legal. II. Background III. The tax benefits that can be created A. If legalized they can tax it how ever much they want B. Can be regulated IV. Drug enforcement money can be divertedRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Legalization Of Marijuana1072 Words   |  5 Pagessubject of marijuana legalization has been an exceedingly popular discussion topic in recent years and, as time goes on, only seems to grow more popular. This discussion has resulted in many arguments that support marijuana’s legalization. One popular argument says that since alcohol is worse for you, and alcohol is legal, marijuana should be legalized. 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Studies states that weed has no negative impact to the human body, unlike alcohol which causes brain damage, and serious mental health problems within short and long term useage but, yet it is legal. That brings up the question â€Å"why not legalize cannabis?† With the legalizationRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1583 Words   |  7 Pages My parents did a good job of teaching me not to abuse drugs. I only snuck sips of alcohol to see what it tasted like when I was a teenager. Now that I am 21 and in college I will admit to occasionally getting drunk intentionally. I’ve never picked up smoking; I have had a cigar at a wedding. I have made it a point to stay away from illegal drugs like meth, cocaine, ecstasy, her oine, and etcetera. As for marijuana, I tried it in Colorado recently with my boyfriend. Afterwards, and during, I thoughtRead MoreThe Benefits Of Medical And Recreational Marijuana1740 Words   |  7 PagesPark Hegeler The Benefits of Marijuana The question of whether or not to legalize the medicinal and recreational use of marijuana has been an ongoing debate ever since President Nixon declared the war on drugs in 1971. The main question that circulates this debate is, do the benefits of medical and recreational marijuana justify its legality? Marijuana is one of the only drugs that has numerous medicinal properties that can do everything from managing chemotherapy side effects, to putting an

The Killing Of Two Young Men - 905 Words

In the last two years there has been a lot of media attention building about the killing of two young men, Trayvon Martin, was a 17-year-old African American from Miami Gardens, Florida, who was fatally shot by George Zimmerman, a neighborhood watch volunteer, in Sanford, Florida. and Michael Brown an unarmed black male shot by a police officers in Ferguson Missouri. These u that sparked and outrage in the African American communities. There are a lot of African American people who feel that the killings were unjust and not justified. There have been many protests around the united states because of this. There are many people taking to the streets, protesting, marching, holding up signs, and even getting on the ground with their hands†¦show more content†¦How does racial profiling and discrimination affect our youth psychologically? â€Å"The American Psychological Association notes that research psychologists have studied the psychological effects of racial profiling an d found that victim effects of racial profiling include post-traumatic stress disorder and other forms of stress-related disorders, perceptions of race-related threats and failure to use available community resources.†(American Psychological Association) â€Å"During the racial profiling inquiry, the Commission learned that one of the most significant and potentially long-lasting impacts of racial profiling is its effect on children and youth. Racial profiling in several contexts, in particular in the education system and in law enforcement, is compromising the future of our children and youth. The Commission heard that many have concerns with racial profiling in the education system. This concern was shared by members of several communities, in particular, the African Canadian, Latin, Chinese, Vietnamese and Arab communities. The Commission was told of a perception that children from these groups may be stereotyped as slow to learn and aggressive, and are therefore considere d to be the instigators of any conflict or problems at school. Behaviors that would likely be assumed to be harmless or just a kid being a kid if

Essay on William Shakespeares The Tempest - 2096 Words

William Shakespeares The Tempest Love, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is a â€Å"strong affection†, a â€Å"warm attraction†, an â€Å"unselfish loyal and benevolent concern† for another. It is â€Å"to feel a passion, devotion, or tenderness† for another. Love is simple and yet so utterly complex. Love is that which has the power to build you up and when taken away has the potential to knock you down. The Tempest by William Shakespeare is a political play with a love story woven throughout it. This tale of passion is one that is presented through Prospero’s daughter Miranda and Alonso’s son Ferdinand. Miranda and Ferdinand set themselves up for what they believe to be a life of bliss, but is it merely a spell cast upon them by Prospero, is he†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I have done nothing but in care of thee, of thee, my dear one; thee, my daughter, who art ignorant of what thou art . . . my art† (1.2. 16-18, 25). From the beginning of the play, it wa s clear that Prospero uses his magic for his daughters sake; â€Å"more for Miranda’s protection than for his own pleasure or power† (Miller 139). Thus audiences are aware that Miranda is a cherished possession of her father’s, and they could assume its importance in the future events of the play. There are countless stances taken on Miranda’s purpose and depth, when analyzed by different groups. Some view Miranda as a symbol, explaining that she â€Å"appears either as an archetype of plight womanliness or as an allegorical, sentimentalized figure for the tender and fecund aspects of untamed nature† (Slights). Some see her as a tool; claiming she is â€Å"not as emblematic of the natural world, but as a cipher, a figure important only for her unwitting role in helping to realize her father’s political aspirations† (Slights). While on an even more extreme level, the feminists take the stance that â€Å"Miranda appears . . . as a prototype of that unlikely invention of Puritan conduct book authors and late-twentieth century scholars: the woman who is chaste, silent, and obedient† (Slights). In this paper, Miranda will be portrayed as the untainted female essence of the island with very limited exposure to people (her father,Show MoreRelatedEssay on William Shakespeares The Tempest1420 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeares The Tempest Consider the character of Prospero and show how he used his position to control many of the characters in the play and how his actions contribute to the dramatic effectiveness. How do his actions and the attitude of the characters to him relate to the events and thinking of Shakespeares day? In the Tempest, the character of Prospero is the protagonist. Prospero is the father of Miranda and has spent twelve years on the island Read MoreEssay on William Shakespeares The Tempest2363 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares The Tempest Generally acknowledged as one of Shakespeares final plays, The Tempest may be described as a romantic tragi-comedy - where love and contentment prosper despite the threatening presence of evil forces. However, beyond the almost fairy-tale like exterior lies a seemingly direct approach to a greatly topical debate at the time. This was the supposed contrast between civilised and uncivilised persons, brought to the fore as a resultRead More Prospero in William Shakespeares The Tempest Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesProspero in William Shakespeares The Tempest Prospero has long been read as one of Shakespeare’s most cherished and provocative protagonists. His timeless role in â€Å"The Tempest† has provided readers and critics with insights into many attributes of Shakespeare as a man, his works, and the political views that are personified in his play. The historical context of â€Å"The Tempest† is one that convincingly conveys the political views of the English people of his time, relating to the colonizationRead MoreThe Role Of Utopia In William Shakespeares The Tempest1509 Words   |  7 Pagesnovels and plays have been written about utopian and dystopian society. Gonzalo, a character in William Shakespeare’s The Tempest describes how he would be able to form a utopian society on the Island he has been shipwrecked on with many others. However, the current state of the island and its inhabitants are living in a very dystopian society. The state of the island where the characters of The Tempest are shipwrec ked is far from the definition of a utopia, because of the complete lack of equalityRead MoreEssay on Mothers in William Shakespeares The Tempest1502 Words   |  7 PagesMothers in William Shakespeares The Tempest Although Miranda’s mother and Sycorax never actually appear in The Tempest, their memories occupy a precarious position in Prospero’s will to power. Prospero invokes the memory of Miranda’s mother to legitimize his lineage, yet feels threatened by the control she exerts over it. His narration deftly erases his wife’s presence from Miranda’s memory, rendering him the sole purveyor of his daughter’s imagination. Prospero employs a discourse whichRead More Slavery and Freedom in William Shakespeare’s The Tempest Essay1978 Words   |  8 PagesSlavery and Freedom in William Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Tempest† The subtly comedic interactions and juxtapositions between masters and slaves in William Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Tempest† generate a question which has been the source of much controversy throughout history: are the hierarchical classifications â€Å"slave† and â€Å"free† reflections of a person’s fundamental nature, or are they social constructions based on bias and self-interest which have nothing to do with absolute truth? This question is crucialRead More Prospero and Caliban of William Shakespeares The Tempest Essay1036 Words   |  5 PagesProspero and Caliban of William Shakespeares The Tempest  Ã‚   Within The Tempest, characters such as Prospero and Caliban share an intimate connection. Without some kind of malevolent force motivating the action of the play, none of the major characters would come into contact with each other. A violent storm, formed by Prosperos magic, subjects the foreign characters to the might of his mysterious power. Issues of control become a central part of The Tempest. One way in which this is highlightedRead MoreEssay on Prospero in William Shakespeares The Tempest2266 Words   |  10 PagesProspero in William Shakespeares The Tempest In act 1 we learn that Prospero is a very complex character with many different aspects to his presentation. The first and probably the most obvious aspect to his character is that of the magician. Some critics argue that the 4 main characters on the Island can be said to represent different attributes to humanity: Caliban represents instinct, Miranda represents love, Ariel represents spirit and Prospero represents powerRead MoreInfluence Of Prospero In William Shakespeares The Tempest960 Words   |  4 PagesIn this play,†The Tempest†, by William Shakespeare, the main character, Prospero, experiences a deep and personal connection with his past that initially causes negative impacts on the people around him, but eventually has positive outcomes. Family connection is what makes his connection so personal. He was dethroned as the duke of Milan and betrayed by his own brothers, and also cast away to a remote island along with his daughter. A few of the characters touched by Prospero’s actions include FerdinandRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares The Tempest Act One, Scene One626 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeares The Tempest Act One, Scene One This scene introduces the play, and is set during on a ship during a ferocious storm. The passengers are the royal party of the King of Naples, and include the King Alonso, his brother Sebastian, the Prince Ferdinand, and the Kings counsellors, Gonzalo and Antonio. The storm, which begins the play, isnt real, but has been conjured by Prospero, a magus, to lure the passengers to his island. This storm is also representation

Abortion is Womens Rights

Question: Discuss about theAbortion is Womens Rights. Answer: Introduction A woman is a person and must be regarded in the same way. She is not just a vessel for the fetus. However, the opposite is what happens in reality. Abortion is a significant part of womens rights, and women are distressed both individually and as a gender (Russo and Steinberg 2012). Abortion is Womens Rights A womans ambitions for education, employment and accommodation or any sort of self-determination is dependent on her ability to decide to or not and when, if at all, to bear children. If denied the right to abortion, women have to bear the blunt of all hardship and blame for unwanted pregnancies, forgetting that men are responsible too, and unwanted pregnancies arise from forced intercourse. Pregnant women and mothers become second-class citizens, and they become subject to state control, monitoring and punishment even (Boseley 2016). Her resources become limited and she becomes a submissive of the society, barred from achieving their full potential. Control over ones own body is a key moral right. Not allowing women to abort an unwanted pregnancy is depriving them of this right. The fetus is inside the womens body and according to the right to physical integrity, unwanted invasion of ones body would be an act of violation of human rights and personal choice. An unwilling woman should not be forced into being the life-support system for the fetus - no human rights laws can argue against that. Reproductive liberty is a fundamental right (Bbc.co.uk 2016). Abortion rights are essential for gender equality. Freedom of abortion helps women attain social, economic and political parity. Not giving women that freedom violates their civil liberties and creates a situation of gender biasness. A woman not given the right is forced into continuing the pregnancy and looking after the child for years. Giving them the right to choose their future would help them achieve an equal status with men, as men do not get pregnant and remains unrestricted (The Nation 2016). The society does not consider pregnancy as beautiful, but an unstable situation in need of support. It makes a woman unaware of her own beauty and think of herself as a nuisance. She is burdened with the responsibility of considering the unborn rights, diminishing her own. Even the society does not back a woman with children, either considering her weak and unfit for any kind of work, or giving low wages and firing them from job to avoid adjustments from the organizations side. Conclusion It can be understood from all the discriminations that a woman needs unrestricted access to abortion rights for deriving equality with men. She needs the complete right over her own body. If not given, a woman can never achieve the same moral status as men. References Bbc.co.uk. 2016. BBC - Ethics - Abortion: Arguments in favour of abortion. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/abortion/mother/for_1.shtml Boseley, S. 2016. Irish women report relief and gratitude after using abortion pills. [online] The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/17/home-abortion-kits-women-ireland-study Russo, N.F. and Steinberg, J.R., 2012. Contraception and abortion: Critical tools for achieving reproductive justice.Reproductive justice: A global concern, pp.145-171. The Nation. (2016). Gender Equality Is Not Possible Without Abortion. [online] Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/gender-equality-is-not-possible-without-abortion/

Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address free essay sample

Abraham Lincoln’s second inaugural address uses different kinds of rhetorical strategies to unite a broken nation. During the time of his speech and his speaking about what’s going, it was four years into the civil war and it was about to end. Lincoln uses allusion, a parallel structure so he could unify the north and south.With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nations wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. In the delivery of Lincolns Second Inaugural, many were inspired by this uplifting and keen speech. It had been a long war, and Lincoln was concerned about the destruction that had taken place. We will write a custom essay sample on Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Worn-out from seeing families are torn apart and friendships eradicated, he interpreted his inaugural address. It was March of 1865, and the war, he believed, must come to an end.Lincoln showed his care for his people and country in his second inaugural speech, just like any man who was worrying about his children and family. Having been struggling for four years’ in war, his people, no matter the North and the South, were urging â€Å"a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations† Lincoln’s Second Inaugural address let people feel they are in unity and let them see the hope and future through his strong persuasive appeals. Lincoln opens the address to claim that â€Å"All dreaded it, all sought to avert it† to express the common wishes of both sides. Instead of using the south and the North, Lincoln always uses â€Å"all† to connect his people together. After explaining the causes of the war, Lincoln uses lots of pathos and ethos i n the form of parallel sentences and religious allusion to bring his people to the same direction. He emphasized the common wishes of both sides of the war using lots of neither, both, and each in these sentences to express his balanced view on his people and justice attitude toward the war: This pathos describes how Lincoln would care for his people and how he would put the task of helping the people suffering from the war first, serving as a strong pathos since it is not only emotionally affecting his people, but also encouraging and giving them hope. The war destroyed millions of families. Lincoln in the first place gave his attention on healing the people and their families, instead of describing how beautiful the future would be and giving unrealistic assumptions

Using a Sample As an Example For Your Essay

Using a Sample As an Example For Your EssayYou can use a sample article as an example for your own writing, and then use the sample in an essay. Sample essays are one of the best ways to make an interesting essay that is based on an interesting topic. If you have a good writer, it will be easy to follow the directions that are provided in the original article.The first thing you need to do is find a sample article that you are going to use for this purpose. The type of article that you are going to use will vary based on what type of essay you are writing. A corporate writer might use an editorial piece as the basis for an essay.It might be a good idea to hire someone who has been in the business for a while to write the essay for you. This person can tell you exactly what to use and not to use. You will also get a professional opinion about the idea that you are coming up with. That way, you won't get lost in all of the details.Once you have found a sample article, make sure that yo u put the article into a template. If you don't have one, find a site that allows you to type up a document in the same format that you want to use. For example, if you are going to use the article for an essay, make sure that the article has headings and subheadings. Use the sample articles from places like Wikipedia for reference.If you are writing the essay in the real world, you will need to be careful not to use too much information that is too general. Make sure that you only give the basics of the topic in the essay. You can add some details if you want to, but don't overload the essay with details.You can use a sample essay as the basis for a summary essay. In fact, this is a common way that writers will use an essay as the basis for a summary essay. Since the sample is usually the most detailed part of the essay, it is often used to help establish a theme for the whole essay.Many resume writers use this method of a summary essay. You can use a sample to help you get started . This method will make the process of writing the rest of the essay much easier for you.

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Overcoming Issues In Survey Research Example

Overcoming Issues In Survey Research Example Overcoming Issues In Survey Research – Coursework Example Overcoming issues in survey research Survey research is imperative when conducting a study dealing with social issues. However, there are many considerations that a researcher needs in order to meet the goals and objectives of the study. Hence, it is critical for the researcher to know the requirements and define strategies for overcoming the weaknesses.One of the weaknesses of the survey research includes the inability of the participants to answer or respond to all the questions asked (Christian, Dillman & Smyth, 2007). Sometimes, participants or respondents fail to answer the questions in the expected manner and do not give the desired answers. It is a challenge experienced with most survey research. However, a researcher can overcome it by probing the participants or interviewees as sometimes they do contradict themselves and do not take a stand on what they believe (Christian, Dillman & Smyth, 2007). In many cases, participants ignore the essential issues required of them, hence leading to unreliability of data collected.Secondly, survey research is characterized by bias, and this interferes with the quality of data collected (Christian, Dillman & Smyth, 2007). In many cases, participants pretend and respond to the question in a way that is not natural. There is much influence since some participants exaggerate their information and others do not disclose what they know. These acts are dangerous for any study since it interferes with validity. For this reason, a researcher has a role of creating a rapport with the participants in order to open up and give the desired information required for the study. Similarly, participants consent is crucial because it makes them overcome privacy challenges.ReferencesChristian, L. M., Dillman, D. A., & Smyth, J. D. (2007). Helping respondents get it right the first time: The influence of words, symbols, and graphics in web surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 71(1), 113125.

Investigation on Whether Nokia Should Quit the UK Essay

Investigation on Whether Nokia Should Quit the UK - Essay Example The main research objective is find out whether it would be viable to minimize expansion of the Nokia brand in the U.K market. Nokia as evident from the analysis has been experiencing a decline it its market share in the named market. Competition has stifled with other companies providing equal or better quality mobile handsets. Handsets are now a requirement for a majority of people. Statistics has shown a decline in number of handsets purchased and an ever increasing number of smartphones acquired. It is a technologically changing world that can be attributed to this trend. People want the best, and since it is affordable, they can get it. Nokia holds a high popularity of mobile phone manufacturing companies in the world. It had the biggest market share of mobile users, but this is changing. This research focuses on finding out changes in the performance of Nokia and if it is a viable idea for to withdraw itself from the U.K market. In trying to answer this, several factors have to be investigated on the reasons that have led to this aftermath in the Nokia Company. 1.2: Research objectives. The research problems highlight the areas of importance in this study. They seek to encompass the most crucial factors involved in this project. They revolve around the Nokia Mobile statistics. They are, to determine the factors behind the decline of Nokia smartphone market share, changing trends in the mobile market, to identify measures to be taken against this issue and know if it is wise to leave the U.K market or not. 1.3: Research questions What are the reasons for declining market share in U.K, how can it be controlled and what are the appropriate ways to control it. 1.4: Statement of problem Factors influencing Nokia mobile market share the U.K and factors influencing changes in the mobile market in U.K 2.0: LITERATURE REVIEW In recent times, with the advancement of technology, operating systems became one of the major determinants of a company’s performance in the market. With the need for faster and efficient mobile systems, there has been competition on who provides the best operating system customers prefer in the U.K. Apple has the most popular OS scooping a share of 42%, Blackberry with 36% and android with a share of 12%. It is surprising because Nokia, known for its popularity and with the changing trends and stiff competition, stands to make its way to the top or quit the smartphone market for better standing mobile companies. This research focuses on finding out what appropriate measure to take, whether quit or continue in the race of attracting customers to use their smartphones. In trying to investigate this, it has to identify the gap existing the company and the competitors. Strategies used in pricing, promotion, quality provision and the 4ps of marketing have a large part in determining the performance of a company’s products. For example, while price may not be a substantial factor to consider because of affordab ility in the current market of smartphones it is still pertinent to know that is the crucial factor customers consider for any product. They may want to operate in the market with the highest margins. This can only be realistic in a monopolistic market where they are the sole suppliers of a product. That is why the Nokia Company have to identify what strategy to use to maintain their share, increase it or exit the market. They should